Report # 172 : Dry Stone Construction in Himachal Pradesh

by Ankita Sood, Aditya Rahul, Yogendra Singh, Dominik H. Lang

The addressed building type has been identified in Himachal Pradesh, a northern state in India. It is a relatively recent construction typology, which can be seen prevalent in the areas where people have been forced to leave their traditional construction practices due to scarcity of wood. Thus, this construction style is nothing but the traditional housing style omitting the wooden elements, be it Kath-Kunni style of the Kullu, Shimla or Kinnaur districts or Thathara style of Chamba district. Due to the region’s heavy precipitation both in terms of rainfall (June to July) as well as snowfall (October to March), rubble stones are preferred over the alternative locally available construction material, i.e. mud. However, these buildings possess high seismic vulnerability due to low in-plane and out-of-plane strength of their dry stone walls. This report identifies the main sources of seismic vulnerability of dry stone buildings and also suggests a retrofitting scheme to reduce the seismic vulnerability of such buildings.

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